??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ? ???? ????(1846 - 1914) ?????? ??? (1883). ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???. ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? 1892 ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???????. ??????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???. ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????. ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????.
????? ???? "???? ?????" ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? 1906 ??? ???1939. ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????. ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???????. ????? ??????? 1911 ? 1912 ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????. ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???? "????? ??????" ??? 1923. ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? "???? ?????" ? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????. ?????? ???????? "??? ?????" ???? ???? ?? ????? 1904.